Here are 18 commands on configurations of Raspbian Jessie or Release 8.0 on a Raspberry Pi 2. This might work for other versions of Raspbian, as they are common Linux commands in most cases.
At the Raspbian terminal, users can access a whole load of information. These can be useful for troubleshooting graphics, program conflicts and networking issues.
GENERAL
Display your device name and operating system information$ uname -a
Change directory
$ cd directoryname
List files n a directory
$ ls
or
$ ls directoryname
Restart background services
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
Display disk usage or free space
$ free
$ free -h
Display disk usage by partitions
$ df -h
Display contents of a file
$ cat filename
e.g. to display CPU type
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
Display the system date and time
$ date
Edit a file with Vim or Nano
$ vi filename
or
$ nano filename
Schedule shutdown at specific time
$ shutdown -h 21:00
or reboot
$ shutdown -r now
Configure Raspbian
$ sudo raspi-config
PACKAGE MANAGEMENT
List installed packages$ dpkg-query -l
To clear up disk space before updating
$ sudo apt-get clean
Update Raspbian system packages
$ sudo apt-get update
Upgrade installed packages
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
Install a package
$ sudo apt-get install mypackagename
or
$ sudo apt-get install mypackagename -y
Remove an installed package
$ sudo apt-get remove mypackagename
or complete removal with its configuration files
$ sudo apt-get purge mypackagename
Search for a package online
$ apt-cache search mypackagename
Display information of a package
$ apt-cache show mypackagename
NETWORKING
Default networking file is configured at/etc/dhcpcd.conf
And the dhcpcd controls the networking interfaces
Display existing network interface settings
$ ifconfig
Display network routing table
$ route
or display all numericals
$ route -n
Changes to the static ip in configuration file requires restart of the dhcpcd
$ sudo dhcpcd -k
$ sudo dhcpcd
Display status of running network interfaces
$ sudo service networking status
Restart network interfaces. Required after changes to network configuration.
$ sudo service networking restart
When there is network but web browser display "Unable to resolve name". Edit the domain name server at /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver x.x.x.x
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